The management of pain poses a difficult and unique challenge. On one hand, some level of analgesia may be required ...

After a peripheral nerve is damaged, the nerve stump tries regenerating in the direction of its distal target [1]. When ...

Interventional pain management (IPM) is defined by the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians as the discipline of medicine devoted ...

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a minimally invasive procedure carried out to treat long-term, chronic pain that has failed to ...

One of the most common non-emergent medical complaints is back pain. Incapacity due to back pain constitutes an enormous healthcare ...

In the general US population, an estimated 35 to 75 million people are said to report chronic pain (CP)—pain persisting ...

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic neurological condition of the limbs [1]. It is characterized by both inflammatory ...

Many forms of pain management involve medication, including over-the-counter drugs like acetaminophen and ibuprofen. In recent years, healthcare providers and ...

Epidural steroid injections have been a pain management technique since 1952 and are an invaluable non-surgical approach for treating certain ...

Platelet-rich plasma, or PRP, is a general term referring to a variety of treatments in which a patient’s blood is ...

The sensation of pain is the result of complex interactions that involve all levels of the nervous system, from sensory ...

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight molecule naturally found in the cartilage and synovial fluid of the knee ...